Half to wm



(No Model.)

W. J. SMART.

LAMP.

a fi/Z/Jmarf,

, a, 02% is ATTORNEY. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VALTER J. SMART, OF SOUTH ORANGE, NEWV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO WM. D. MITCHELL, OF BAYONNE, NEV JERSEY.

LAM P.

SPECIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No..587,875, dated August 10, 1897.

Application filed April 17, 1896. Serial No. 587,95 2. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER J. S ART, of

South Orange,Essex county,New.Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improve ment in Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

This improvement relates to lamps having a burner or burners of the inverted type. ;It is particularly adapted to the construction of car-lamps, and in the exercise of the invention it is readily applicable to existing typesof lamps having an upright burner or burners such, for instance, as shown in Patent No. 242,974, granted to J. Pintsch June 4, 1881- permitting these with little trouble and expense to be altered to inverted-burner lamps. This change is productive of desirable results, since the satisfactory use of a lamp with an upright burner requires the employment of a high-grade illuminant, whereas with a properly-constructed inverted-burner lamp an in ferior grade of illuminant may be used of relatively less candle-power, but cheaper in cost and more readily obtainable than the former illuminant. Even if the same grade of illuminant is burned the inverted-burner lamp gives a better result than the ordinary lamp with one or more upright burners.

I will now describe a lamp embodying the features of my improvement and then point out its novelty in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section through a lamp embracing the features of my improvement, portions, however, non-essential to an understanding of the invention being broken away. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the lamp, certain portions being removed. Fig. 3 is a view of the lamp, looking in the opposite direction to that which shows Fig. 2.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all figures.

A designates a ring or annulus to which the supporting-armed of the lamp are secured. Extending upwardly from the annulus A and afiixed thereto are a number of leg-like supports a, which serve to carry the internal parts of the lamp. A tube-seat B, or a part performing the same function, is rigid with these supports a and is perforated to receive 1 tached to the tube-seat.

the extremities of a number of waste-fines B, which are expanded, flanged, or otherwise at- ,The upper extremities of the fines B are held in position by a plate B Gases generated by the burningof 5 5 the lamp pass upward through the flues B to the space above the same, Where they may be disposed of as desired.

Arranged exteriorly of the tubes B is a shell 0, which to facilitate the removal of parts associated with it is adj ustably connected to the plate B The construction for this purpose may consist of a metallic ring a, affixed to and extending downwardly from the peripheral portion of the plate B and formed with A a screw thread, with which engages a screwthreaded part 0', extending from the shell. This shell at its upper portion is perforated, as shown at D, for the inflow of air, Which, passing downwardly through the shell, issues past the lower edge into the space inclosed within a hood D. The lower edge of this latter rests upon the annulus A. Preferably between the edge of the hood and its seat there will be interposed some soft or yielding material cl, while exteriorly the annulus is provided with a suitably-ornamented piece d. To further increase the space for the downflow of air, the plate B may be provided with openings'b, as shown in Fig. 2.

The upper edge of the hood may be conveniently held in place by means of a fixture D supported by the shell 0, and preferably 1 provided with a soft or yielding substance 01 in immediate contact with the hood. If the shell 0 is removably held in place, as described, the fixture D may be readily removed from its position holding the hood D in place. I

E is an ornamental ring surrounding the up- 0 per portion of the lamp.

The gas-conduit enters the lamp through one of the supporting-arms a, as shown at F, and communicates With an angular conduit F by means of a connecting-pipe F From 5 this angular conduit gas passes to the lampburner.

G is a combustion chamber or globe hemispherical in shape and formed with an outwardly-extendinglip g at its upper edgegvhich I00 is clamped in an appropriate globe-support G, having a hinged connection with the ring A at g, and a catch 9 The construction thus far described does not diifer essentially from the construction of the lamps customarily employed with the so-called Pintsch' gas and using upright burners; but such lamps are not adapted to burn a gas of low candle-power with satisfactory results. The construction now to be described may be readily applied to these lamps upon the removal of certainof their parts and with little-additional change to render the 1 lamps fit to burn the inferior quality of gas or to give better results than are obtainable with the ordinary lamps when burning the same gas.

H'is a part comprisinga number of tubes or passages h, arranged vertically and open for the passage of products of combustion through them. This part also comprises a circular. upper plate It", rigid with the tubes or passages h. The central space surrounded by the said tubes or passages is freely open to the inflow of air passing downwardly from the openings D and'through the spaces between said tubes or passages. A coupling H connects the part Hwith the gas-supply, and the opening through it empties into a distribution-chamber H from whence lead branch supply-tubes 71 to the burner-body H The body H is annular in form and is afflxed to the part H by a connecting-piece H, which allows air to flow to the outside or upper "surface of the flame. This piece H comprises an inner ring it and an outer ring if, joined at their upper edges and rigidly attached to the part H. The outer ring h is imperforate, while the inner ring h is provided with a number of openings it", open to the central space of the part H and permitting air to flow to the outer surface of the burner-body H and thence to the outside or upper side of the flame.

The burner-body may be provided with a ba'ffle-plate 7L H is a cylindrical shell secured to the outer ring it of the connectingpiece H by any suitable means-as, for instance, by pins h projecting from the ring or otherwise. This shell projects downwardly, terminating adjacent to the burneropenings .70, which pass vertically downward through the bottom of the burner-body, so that the gas issuing from them shall have an initial downward direction. This arrangement of the burner-openings I deem important, as when so constructed the maximum light radiation will be downward and not more or less to one side, as would be the case if the burner-openings passed outward in any other'direction. Preferably there will be provided a number of separating-strips y between this shell II and the burner-body. Encircling the shell H and seated in a support 72 is a cylindrical reflector H Air pass-. ing inward between the tubes or passages h issues in part through the openings it. into the space between the shell H and the outer Y surface of the burner-body H from whence it is supplied to the upper or outer surface of the flame. The remainder of the air passes vertically downward and is supplied to the K is a shell connecting the upper peripheral portion of the part H with the outer edge of the tube-sheet B and confining the upwardly-ascending products of combustion to the flues B.

L is a reflector, ring-like in form, imperforate in the present instance and connecting the part II with the annulus or ring A. Inthe present instance it acts as a partition between the combustion-chamber of'the lamp and the space through which air flows unite way to the flame.

The better to secure the part formed with the angular conduit F there is shown a poet M, which is firmly secured thereto, while it. upper extremity enters a tapped hole in a boss m, extending from the plate B.

Having described my invention, what I consider as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is r 1. A lamp having, in combination, anamber of flues for the outflow of the producteof combustion, a shell surrounding the same and forming a passage, or passages, for the flow of air, a part having upwardly-extending passages for the outflow of products of combustion, and radial inwardly-extending passages for the inflow of air to the flame,

a combustion-chamber, a hood, a reflector.

separating the space included in said oombustion-chamber from the space inclosed by said hood, an annular burner-body arranged below said part and provided with downof air, a ring or annulus, lamp-supporting arms extending therefrom, leg-like supports extending inwardly from the ring or annulus, a part having upwardly-extending passages for the outflow of products of combustion,

and radial inwardly-extending passages for the inflow of air to the flame, a combustionx15 weirdly-extending burner-openings whereby chamber, a hood, a reflector attached at its body arranged below said part and provided with downwardly-extendingburner-openings whereby the gas may be given an initial downward direction, and an air-distributer extending below said annular burner-body, and provided with perforations in its sides and in its bottom surface for delivering air to the flame and also to the combustion-chamber of the lamp, substantially as specified.

8. A lamp having, in combination, a ring or annulus, a part having upwardly-extending passages for the outflow of products of combustion, and radial inwardly-extending passages for the inflow of air to the flame, a reflector attached at its outer edge to said ring or annulus and at its inner edge to said part, an annular burner-body arranged below said part and provided with downwardlyextcn'ding burner-openings whereby the gas may be given an initial downward direction, a connecting-piece joining said burner-body to said part and comprising an inner perfo rated ring and an outer ring, a shell projecting downwardly from this outer ring and terminating adjacent to the burner-openings whereby air is delivered to the outer or 'upper side of the flame, and an air-distributer extending below said annular burner-body, and provided with perforations in its sides and in its bottom surface for delivering air to the flame and also to the combustion-chamber of the lamp, substantially as specified.

In witness whereof I have signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

W'ALTER J. SMART.

\Vitnesses N. KEMPF, ED. BEESLEY. 

